{"id":46420,"date":"2025-05-31T00:08:17","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T21:08:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/environmentalscience\/?page_id=46420"},"modified":"2025-06-03T22:39:09","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T19:39:09","slug":"%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/environmentalscience\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/div><\/div>
<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a <\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0661\u0663 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0664 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 :<\/h3>\n

1- \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <\/b><\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0649 <\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/b><\/p>\n

3- \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/b><\/p>\n

4- \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/b>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644<\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629
1 – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629)
2 . \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a
3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631
4 . \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.
1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.
2 . \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.
3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.
4. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629
5 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.
1 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a.
2 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646.
3 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648.
4 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629.
5 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a> \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

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