{"id":15427,"date":"2023-04-05T02:58:29","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T23:58:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/?page_id=15427"},"modified":"2025-11-27T12:08:35","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T09:08:35","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-small-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right-small:0px;--awb-padding-left-small:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1435.2px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:10px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-post-cards fusion-post-cards-1 fusion-grid-archive fusion-grid-columns-3\" style=\"--awb-dots-align:center;--awb-columns:3;--awb-filters-font-size:16px;--awb-filters-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-active-filter-border-size:3px;--awb-filters-height:36px;--awb-filters-font-family:&quot;Tajawal&quot;;--awb-filters-font-style:normal;--awb-filters-font-weight:500;--awb-filters-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-filters-alignment-small:flex-start;\" data-post-type-label=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\"><div><ul class=\"fusion-filters\" role=\"menu\" aria-label=\"Post Filters\"><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-filter-all fusion-active\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\"*\" role=\"menuitem\">All<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" role=\"menuitem\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0634\u0643\u0631-\u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u063a\u064a\u0631-\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641\" role=\"menuitem\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0641<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li role=\"presentation\" class=\"fusion-filter fusion-hidden\"><a href=\"#\" data-filter=\".\u0648\u0631\u0634-\u0639\u0645\u0644\" role=\"menuitem\">\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><ul class=\"fusion-grid fusion-grid-3 fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-grid-posts-cards fusion-grid-container-infinite\" data-pages=\"158\"><li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-1\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-1 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">08\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">9<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1305\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201305%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-800x510.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-2\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-2 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">08\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">14<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1369\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201369%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-3\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0624\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-3 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">07\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">8<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-4\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-4 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">06\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">273<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-5\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 5 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-5 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">05\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">30<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\" aria-label=\"\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u2026 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u2026 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-6\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-6 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">36<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-7\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\/ \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-7 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">34<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"815\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27815%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20815%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27815%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-800x509.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-1200x764.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-8\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"Evaluation of expression<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-8 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">51<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-9\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-9 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">1483<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-10\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u2026 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-10 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">33<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-11 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-11\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-11 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">29<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-12 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-12\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-12 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">27<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1166\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271166%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201166%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271166%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-200x114.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-400x228.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-600x342.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-800x455.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-1200x683.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-13 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-13\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-13 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">47<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-14 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-14\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-14 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">35<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\" aria-label=\"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-15 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-15\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 2 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-15 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">37<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"890\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27890%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20890%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27890%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-200x139.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-400x278.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-600x417.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-800x556.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-16 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-16\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062d \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-16 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">65<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1305\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201305%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-800x510.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-17 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-17\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-17 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">123<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-18 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-18\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-18 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">303<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-19 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-19\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-19 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">365<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-20 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-20 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-20\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-20 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">393<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-21 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-21 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-21\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-21 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">195<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-22 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-22 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-22\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-22 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">106<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-23 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-23 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-23\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-23 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">435<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-24 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-24 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-24\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-24 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">110<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-25 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-25 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-25\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u064c \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-25 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">244<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-26 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-26 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-26\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-26 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">259<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-27 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-27 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-27\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-27 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">104<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-28 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-28 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-28\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-28 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">85<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-29 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-29 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-29\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-29 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">125<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-30 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-30 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-30\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-30 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">1433<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-31 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\" aria-label=\"\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1369\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201369%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-31 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-31\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 30 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2026\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-31 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">101<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-32 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\" aria-label=\"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-32 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-32\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 30 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-32 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">80<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-33 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-33 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-33\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-33 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">250<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-34 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-34 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-34\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-34 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">276<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-35 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-35 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-35\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-35 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">283<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-36 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-36 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-36\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-36 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">242<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-37 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-37 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-37\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-37 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">167<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-38 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-38 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-38\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-38 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">187<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-39 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-39 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-39\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-39 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">161<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-40 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-40 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-40\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-40 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">29\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">321<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"fusion-infinite-scroll-trigger\"><\/div><div class=\"pagination infinite-scroll clearfix\" style=\"display:none;\"><span class=\"current\">1<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/page\/2\/\" class=\"inactive\">2<\/a><a class=\"pagination-next\" rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/page\/2\/\"><span class=\"page-text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><span class=\"page-next\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-large-visibility\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-right-small:0px;--awb-padding-left-small:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1435.2px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-41 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-margin-top-large:10px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:10px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-post-cards fusion-post-cards-2 fusion-grid-archive fusion-grid-columns-3\" style=\"--awb-dots-align:center;--awb-columns:3;--awb-filters-font-size:16px;--awb-filters-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-active-filter-border-size:3px;--awb-filters-height:36px;--awb-filters-font-family:&quot;Tajawal&quot;;--awb-filters-font-style:normal;--awb-filters-font-weight:500;\" data-post-type-label=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\"><ul class=\"fusion-grid fusion-grid-3 fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-grid-posts-cards fusion-grid-container-infinite\" data-pages=\"158\"><li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-42 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-13.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-41 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-41\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-41 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">08\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">9<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-43 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1305\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201305%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-800x510.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649-\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-42 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-42\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-19\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-42 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">08\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">14<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-44 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1369\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201369%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-6.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-43 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-43\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0624\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a3%d8%b3-%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-43 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">07\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">8<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-45 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-12.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-44 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-44\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab%d9%8b%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-44 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">06\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">273<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-46 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-5.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-45 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-45\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 5 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-45 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">05\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">30<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-47 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\" aria-label=\"\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u2026 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-11.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-46 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u2026 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-46\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0621<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-46 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">36<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-48 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-4.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-47 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-47\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\/ \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%ac-%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%b6-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-47 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">34<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-49 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"815\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27815%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20815%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27815%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-800x509.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d-1200x764.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621-\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-48 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-48\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"Evaluation of expression<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-18\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-48 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">51<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-50 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-9.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-49 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 2026\u20132027<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-49\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-49 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">04\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">1483<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-51 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-10.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-50 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-50\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u2026 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0631<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%b1\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-50 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">33<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-52 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-3.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-51 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-51\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d8%ac%d9%87%d9%91%d8%b2-%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82%d9%87%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-51 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">29<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-53 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20853%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27853%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-200x133.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-800x533.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-8.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-52 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-52\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-52 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">03\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">27<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-54 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1166\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271166%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201166%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271166%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-200x114.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-400x228.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-600x342.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-800x455.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7-1200x683.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-7.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-53 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-53\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-53 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">47<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-55 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-2.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-54 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-54\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%aa%d8%af%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d8%b6%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ac\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-54 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">35<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-56 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\" aria-label=\"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-55 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-55\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 2 \u0622\u0628 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-55 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">02\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">37<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-57 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\" aria-label=\"\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"890\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27890%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20890%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27890%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-200x139.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-400x278.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-600x417.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-800x556.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6-1200x834.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-6.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-56 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-56\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0646\u062d \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%8a%d9%8f%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%ac-%d8%a8%d9%85%d9%86%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-56 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">65<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-58 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\" aria-label=\"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1305\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201305%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271305%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-200x127.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-400x255.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-600x382.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-800x510.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631-1200x765.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629-\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-57 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-57\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646) \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629: \"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-17\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-57 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">123<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-59 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-5.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-58 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-58\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-6\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-58 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">303<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-60 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-4.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-59 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-59\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-5\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-59 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">365<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-61 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-3.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-60 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-60\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u064c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-4\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-60 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">393<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-62 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-2.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-61 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-61\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-61 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">195<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-63 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-62 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-62\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u064c \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21-2\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-62 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">106<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-64 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/08\/1.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-63 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-63\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-21\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-63 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">01\/08\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">435<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-65 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-78.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-64 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-64\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-7\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-64 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">110<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-66 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-77.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-65 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-65\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u064c \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0651\u064e\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-6\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-65 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">244<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-67 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-76.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-66 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-66\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-5\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-66 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">259<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-68 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-75.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-67 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-67\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-4\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-67 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">104<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-69 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-74.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-68 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-68\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\" \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-3\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-68 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">85<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-70 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-73.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-69 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-69\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064c \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20-2\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-69 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">125<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-71 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-72.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-70 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-70\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\"\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.\" \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-20\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-70 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">31\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">1433<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-72 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\" aria-label=\"\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1369\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%202048%201369%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%272048%27%20height%3D%271369%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-36.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-71 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-71\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 30 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2026\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-71 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">101<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-73 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\" aria-label=\"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"855\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20855%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27855%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-800x534.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-1-35.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-72 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-72\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 30 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2026\u060c \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \" \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-72 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">80<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-74 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-71.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-73 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-73\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-19\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-73 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">250<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-75 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-70.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-74 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-74\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-18\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-74 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">276<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-76 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-69.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-75 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-75\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-17\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-75 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">283<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-77 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-68.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-76 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-76\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-16\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-76 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">242<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-78 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-67.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-77 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-77\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-15\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-77 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">167<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-79 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-66.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-78 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-78\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-14\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-78 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">187<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-80 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-65.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-79 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-79\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-13\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-79 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">30\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">161<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-81 fusion-flex-column fusion-column-inner-bg-wrapper post-card fusion-grid-column fusion-post-cards-grid-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:15px;--awb-padding-right:15px;--awb-padding-bottom:15px;--awb-padding-left:15px;--awb-inner-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-inner-bg-size:cover;--awb-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px 1px rgba(198,198,198,0.56);;--awb-border-color:rgba(198,198,198,0.56);--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-transform:translateY(0px);--awb-transform-hover:translateY(2px);--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:;--awb-flex-grow-small:;--awb-flex-shrink-small:;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg hover-type-none\"><a class=\"fusion-column-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\"><span class=\"fusion-column-inner-bg-image\"><\/span><\/a><\/span><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-space-between fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-classic-product-image-wrapper fusion-woo-product-image fusion-post-card-image fusion-post-card-image-1 has-aspect-ratio\" data-layout=\"static\" style=\"--awb-aspect-ratio:4 \/ 3;\"><div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\" aria-label=\"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201280%20720%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271280%27%20height%3D%27720%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/07\/1-64.jpg 1280w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" \/>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-80 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-five\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:20px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h5 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-right fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;text-transform:capitalize;--fontSize:16;--minFontSize:16;line-height:var(--awb-typography1-line-height);\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\" class=\"awb-custom-text-color awb-custom-text-hover-color\" target=\"_self\">\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/h5><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-tb fusion-content-tb-80\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-text-transform:none;\"><p>\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%86-%d8%b9%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b1-12\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f]<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-meta-tb fusion-meta-tb-80 floated\" style=\"--awb-border-bottom:0px;--awb-border-top:0px;--awb-border-left:0px;--awb-border-right:0px;--awb-height:36px;--awb-alignment-medium:flex-start;--awb-alignment-small:flex-start;\"><span class=\"fusion-tb-published-date\">29\/07\/2026<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><span class=\"fusion-tb-total-views\">321<\/span><span class=\"fusion-meta-tb-sep\">|<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><div class=\"fusion-infinite-scroll-trigger\"><\/div><div class=\"pagination infinite-scroll clearfix\" style=\"display:none;\"><span class=\"current\">1<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/page\/2\/\" class=\"inactive\">2<\/a><a class=\"pagination-next\" rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/page\/2\/\"><span class=\"page-text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><span class=\"page-next\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15427","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15427"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67048,"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15427\/revisions\/67048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}