{"id":72190,"date":"2026-04-19T19:23:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-19T16:23:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/?p=72190"},"modified":"2026-04-20T08:24:51","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T05:24:51","slug":"%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 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src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/3-48.jpg 1600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-medium wp-image-72193\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-1-9.jpg 1600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-medium wp-image-72194\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-600x401.jpg 600w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-800x535.jpg 800w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-1024x684.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9-1536x1026.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-2-9.jpg 1600w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignnone size-medium wp-image-72195\" src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-3-6-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-3-6-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-3-6-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/4-3-6-300x200.jpg 300w, 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src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/5-1-7-600x401.jpg 600w, 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src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-300x200.jpg\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20300%20200%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27300%27%20height%3D%27200%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-200x134.jpg 200w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-400x267.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2026\/04\/7-4-600x401.jpg 600w, 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 19 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2026\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8221; \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a &#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u0627\u0626\u0628 . \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 (Air Gap) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a (Hemispherical Energy Analyzer)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/uomosul.edu.iq\/science\/%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"> [\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623 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