The destruction of homes, the destruction of civilian objects, and the targeting of unarmed civilians constitute a failure to fulfill the moral and legal obligation to protect affected populations.

Third: What is required of the international community

1. Activate the role of international humanitarian law, with its principles and conventions, and work to implement it by all parties to the conflict without exception.

2. Immediate action by international judicial bodies, most notably:

• The International Criminal Court.

• The International Court of Justice.

3. Issue a clear and serious international warning about the dangers of nuclear escalation, given the existential threat it poses to the people of the region and indeed the world.

4. Condemn the systematic targeting of residential, religious, and cultural areas, as a grave violation that requires accountability.

5. Protecting civilians is not a political issue or a diplomatic option; rather, it is a legal and moral obligation that cannot be ignored.

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