On Wednesday, June 10, 2026, the College of Law at the University of Mosul witnessed the defense of the doctoral dissertation entitled “The Legislative Policy of General Administrative Sanctions – A Comparative Study” , submitted by the student Ahmed Saleh Awwad, under the supervision of Professor Dr. Niktil Ibrahim Abdulrahman.

The dissertation addressed the study of the legislative policy of general administrative sanctions as one of the significant exceptions to the principle of the separation of powers, by granting the administration the authority to impose administrative sanctions by its unilateral will without the need for a prior functional or contractual relationship. This contributes to addressing daily violations of applicable laws, alleviating the burden on the judicial authority, as well as enhancing the administration’s capacity to regulate societal behaviour in accordance with the legislation in force.

The dissertation aimed to analyse the legal foundations of general administrative sanctions in Iraq and the comparator countries, and to demonstrate the extent of development witnessed by the legislative policy in this field, through the transition from a policy of criminalisation and punishment to the adoption of general administrative sanctions, while shedding light on the legal guarantees that ensure the protection of individuals’ rights and freedoms through mechanisms of administrative and judicial review.