At the College of Law, University of Mosul, on Sunday, August 30, 2026, the doctoral dissertation titled:

“Legal Regulation of Client Protection in Electronic Banking Operations – A Comparative Study”

was discussed, presented by the student Abdulmun’im Fares Mohammed Ali Al-Sanjari, under the supervision of Assistant Professor Dr. Muhannad Ibrahim Ali.

The dissertation addressed the legal regulation of client protection in electronic banking operations, by explaining the concept of these operations, their types, and their legal nature, analyzing the obligations incumbent upon the bank before, during, and after contracting, and the legal liability arising from breach thereof, with a comparative study between Iraqi legislation and certain Arab and European legislations.

It also aimed to assess the adequacy of Iraqi legal rules in protecting the electronic banking client, address legislative shortcomings, and propose a legal framework that achieves balance between the client and the bank while providing effective protection against technical, informational, and financial risks.

The discussion committee consisted of:

• Professor Dr. Ayser Essam Daoud – Chair

• Professor Dr. Ali Hussein Ka’oud – Member

• Assistant Professor Dr. Radhwan Hashim Hamdoun – Member

• Assistant Professor Dr. Yasser Shaker Mahmoud – Member

• Assistant Professor Dr. Fawzia Muwaffaq Dhanoun – Member

• Assistant Professor Dr. Muhannad Ibrahim Ali – Member and Supervisor