In line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—Goal 4: Quality Education, Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, and Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals—a PhD dissertation entitled “International Responsibility for External Intervention in Non-International Armed Conflicts (Selected International Case Studies)” was defended in the Department of Law at Al-Alamain Institute for Higher Education on Saturday, 25 July 2026. The dissertation was submitted by Wissam Abdulhameed Abdulameer.

The examination committee was chaired by Professor Lubna Khamees Mahdi and included several distinguished academics, among them Assistant Professor Dr. Suhaib Khalid Jassim Al-Taie, Dean of the College of Political Science at the University of Mosul.

The dissertation examined the issue of international responsibility arising from external intervention in non-international armed conflicts through an analytical study of selected international cases. It further explored the international legal frameworks governing such interventions and assessed the extent to which state practices conform to the principles and rules of public international law and international humanitarian law.

Following a comprehensive academic defense and deliberation, the examination committee approved the dissertation and awarded the candidate the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Law.