The College of Law at the University of Mosul discussed, on Sunday, September 6, 2026, the master’s thesis titled “Digital Citizenship and Its Challenges in Light of the Provisions of International Human Rights Law” , presented by the student Hussein Ibrahim Hussein, under the supervision of Assistant Professor Dr. Iyad Younis Al-Saqli.

The thesis addressed digital citizenship as a contemporary legal concept imposed by the accelerating shift toward the digital environment, by examining its concept, origins, components, and foundations, as well as the extent of its presence in national legislation and international charters, in addition to the role of civil society and the international community in promoting it.

The study also examined the legal protection of digital rights, particularly the right to access information and networks, freedom of expression, and the protection of privacy and personal data, alongside criminal protection against cybercrimes and attacks on digital systems and data.

The thesis addressed the most prominent legal challenges facing digital citizenship, including data protection and privacy, combating cybercrimes and intellectual and electronic terrorism, intellectual property rights, the difficulty of harmonizing national legislation with international standards, as well as the cross-border nature of cyberspace, weak enforcement mechanisms and judicial cooperation, and challenges related to balancing freedom of expression with privacy, data protection with national security, and intellectual property with freedom of access to information.

The study concluded that digital citizenship has become an integrated legal framework for the protection of rights and freedoms in the digital environment, which necessitates the development of national legislation, enhancing their compatibility with international standards, activating oversight, enforcement, and legal cooperation mechanisms, and spreading digital awareness, in order to achieve a balance between the protection of digital rights and the requirements of security and public order, and to contribute to building a safe digital environment that preserves human dignity and freedoms.

The discussion committee consisted of Assistant Professor Dr. Suhaib Khalid Jassim as Chair, Lecturer Dr. Ahmed Fares Idris as a member, Assistant Professor Dr. Shaima Abdul Sattar Jabr as a member, and Assistant Professor Dr. Iyad Younis Al-Saqli as a member and supervisor.