The Department of Physics at the College of Science – University of Mosul discussed a master’s thesis on Sunday, 15 March 2026, titled:

“Preparation of the compound Bi₂₋ₓTeₓBa₂₋ᵧCeᵧCa₂Cu₃O₁₀+δ as a high-temperature superconductor and studying the effect of single and double substitution on its structural, electrical, and dielectric properties.”

The thesis was submitted by the student Ibrahim Aziz Ghulam.

The study aimed to prepare different samples of the compound Bi₂₋ₓTeₓBa₂₋ᵧCeᵧCa₂Cu₃O₁₀+δ using the solid-state reaction (SSR) technique, with an applied pressure of 7 tons/cm², and employing two thermal treatments—sintering and annealing—in order to investigate the effect of substitution on the structural, electrical, and dielectric properties of the compound.

The effect of single substitution of tellurium (Te) for bismuth (Bi) at ratios x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 was analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that all samples exhibited a tetragonal crystal structure, with an increase in the lattice parameter (c) from 8.05 at x = 0.1 to 8.20 at x = 0.3, followed by a decrease to 8.10 at x = 0.4.

Electrical measurements using the four-probe method revealed that tellurium substitution enhanced the superconducting critical temperatures, where Tc₁ increased from 128 K at x = 0 to 137 K at x = 0.3, while Tc₂ increased from 134.3 K to 142.6 K, with a slight decrease at x = 0.4.

Dielectric measurements also showed improved energy storage and dissipation properties, with optimal performance observed at x = 0.3, where the real dielectric constant (ε′) increased while the imaginary dielectric constant (ε″) and energy loss decreased, indicating potential applications in high-temperature superconducting materials.

The thesis committee was chaired by Prof. Dr. Abdul Karim Dahash Ali Muhimid, with membership of:

• Assist. Prof. Dr. Hazim Saleh Ahmed
• Dr. Khudair Ali Saleh

And under the supervision and membership of Prof. Dr. Mahmood Ahmed Hamoud.

The results highlight the potential use of these materials in several technological applications, including precision electronic devices, high-sensitivity sensors, magnetic levitation (Maglev) trains, and medical equipment such as MRI systems, in addition to supporting the development of advanced materials and clean energy technologies.

This research aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals, including:

• SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy
• SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
• SDG 13: Climate Action

On behalf of the Dean of the College of Science, Prof. Dr. Hiyam Adel Ibrahim, the Head of the Department of Physics, Assist. Prof. Dr. Sameer Mahmood Ahmed, presented a certificate of appreciation to Prof. Dr. Abdul Karim Dahash Ali Muhimid (University of Tikrit – College of Science) in recognition of his participation in the defense committee and his scientific contribution.

We wish all our students continued success and excellence.

Government Media and Communication Division

Sunday, 15 March 2026